China vs Thailand
China has 19.6× the population of Thailand: 1,406,585,000 vs 71,619,863, a gap of 1.33 billion. Thailand is shrinking more slowly (−0.07% vs −0.17% a year), adding about -48,132 people a year against −2,387,972. At these source-year rates the modelled relative population gap is narrowing, but too slowly to close within two centuries. Thailand is the older society: 16.0% aged 65+ against 14.9% in China, while China has more children (15.4% under 15 vs 14.4%). People in China live 1.5 years longer on average (78.0 vs 76.6). GDP per capita is 1.7× higher in China ($13,862 vs $8,057).
Country/territory population bases: World Bank 2025 (China) and 2025 (Thailand); growth years 2025 / 2025. Annual source values, not live counts; years may differ. Growth is national, not local.
China vs Thailand — side by side
 China |  Thailand | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,406,585,0002025 | 71,619,8632025 |
| Growth rate / yr | −0.17%2025 | −0.07%2025 |
| Births per 1,000 | 6.82024 | 8.12024 |
| Deaths per 1,000 | 7.82024 | 9.02024 |
| Children per woman | 1.012024 | 1.202024 |
| Life expectancy | 78.0 yrs2024 | 76.6 yrs2024 |
| Aged 0–14 | 15.4%2025 | 14.4%2025 |
| Aged 65+ | 14.9%2025 | 16.0%2025 |
| Density | 150.3 /km²2023 | 140.3 /km²2023 |
| Area | 9,562,910 km²2023 | 513,115 km²2023 |
| Urban population | 66.3%2025 | 62.8%2025 |
| Net migration / yr | -268,1262025 | +27,5092025 |
| GDP per capita | $13,8622025 | $8,0572025 |
| Country population rank (available records) | #2 | #20 |
| Base / world population (World Bank 2025) | 17.12% | 0.87% |
Highlighted cell = the higher value (not "better"). Small print under each value is its own data year. Source: World Bank; country/territory population bases may have different years. These are not live counts.
Population since 1960
World Bank population history (not the separate UN WPP timeline). China: 2.1× from 1960 to 2025; Thailand: 2.7× from 1960 to 2025. Left: absolute population. Right: each series indexed to its own first available year = 100; baseline years may differ.
More comparisons
Region: East Asia & Pacific · rankings
China: China vs India, China vs United States, China vs Indonesia, China vs Pakistan, China vs Nigeria, China vs Brazil, China vs Bangladesh, China vs Russia.
Thailand: Thailand vs India, Thailand vs China, Thailand vs United States, Thailand vs Indonesia, Thailand vs Pakistan, Thailand vs Nigeria, Thailand vs Brazil, Thailand vs Bangladesh.
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This page is a structured reference entry. Its sources, geographic definition and reference dates determine what the figures mean; it is not independent reporting about the causes of change. Read the accompanying explanation before comparing different places or vintages.