Peru Population
Peru had an estimated population of 34,576,665 in mid-2025 (World Bank), making it the 48th most populous of 217 countries and territories, with 0.42% of everyone alive. The counter above projects that figure forward at the current growth rate of +1.04% a year.
Peru at a glance
How Peru's population is changing
Peru's population is growing: +1.04% a year, which works out to about +360,692 people per year, or +988 a day. Births (15.8 per 1,000) and deaths (5.6 per 1,000) alone would give +1.02% a year; net migration adds about 11,931 people a year (+0.03%). Roughly one in every 238 people on Earth lives in Peru.
Population of Peru since 1960
In 1960, Peru had 10,174,127 people. By 2025 that was 34,576,665 — 3.4× larger. The fastest growth came between 1960 and 1970, when the population rose by 33%.
| Year | Population | Change vs previous row |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 10,174,127 | — |
| 1970 | 13,501,237 | +32.7% |
| 1980 | 17,360,949 | +28.6% |
| 1990 | 22,014,771 | +26.8% |
| 2000 | 26,598,331 | +20.8% |
| 2010 | 29,086,019 | +9.4% |
| 2020 | 32,838,579 | +12.9% |
| 2025 | 34,576,665 | +5.3% |
Peru from 1800 to 2100
Modelled estimates put Peru at about 1,271,000 people in 1800; the UN estimates 34,576,673 in 2025 (27× 1800) and projects 38,163,321 for 2100 in its medium scenario. The population is projected to peak around 2066 at 41,700,242 and decline afterwards.
| Year | Population | Kind |
|---|---|---|
| 1800 | 1,271,000 | modelled estimate |
| 1850 | 3,227,122 | modelled estimate |
| 1900 | 3,657,023 | modelled estimate |
| 1950 | 7,677,414 | UN estimate |
| 2000 | 26,598,328 | UN estimate |
| 2025 | 34,576,673 | UN projection |
| 2050 | 40,583,877 | UN projection |
| 2075 | 41,400,339 | UN projection |
| 2100 | 38,163,321 | UN projection |
Country live/base figures use World Bank estimates; this historical/future chart uses a separate UN series and need not match the World Bank base in overlapping years. Before 1950: HYDE 3.3 / Gapminder reconstructions via Our World in Data — historical modelling, not censuses. 1950–2023: UN World Population Prospects 2024. 2024–2100: UN medium projection. Open the time machine to see the whole map in any year.
Largest listed places in Peru
10 records sorted by displayed base population. Definitions vary (province/administrative unit, UN urban centre or GeoNames settlement); this is not a harmonised city ranking. Shares use World Bank 2025 country population 34,576,665. Dates and boundaries may differ. Overlapping entities are not summed.
| # | Place | Population | Definition | Share | Source / reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lima | 10,580,241 | UN urban centre | 30.60% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 2 | Callao | 1,226,200 | GeoNames settlement | 3.55% | GeoNames settlement record; Population reference date not supplied in local record |
| 3 | Arequipa | 977,496 | UN urban centre | 2.83% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 4 | Trujillo | 949,018 | UN urban centre | 2.74% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 5 | Chiclayo | 620,622 | UN urban centre | 1.79% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 6 | Cusco | 490,968 | UN urban centre | 1.42% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 7 | Piura | 471,521 | UN urban centre | 1.36% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 8 | Huancayo | 470,685 | UN urban centre | 1.36% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 9 | Chimbote | 350,281 | UN urban centre | 1.01% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
| 10 | Tacna | 327,582 | UN urban centre | 0.95% | UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025; 2025 annual estimate |
How Peru compares
Peru has almost the same population as Ghana (35,064,272).
| Rank | Country | Population | vs Peru | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #46 |  Mozambique | 35,631,653 | +3% | compare → |
| #47 |  Ghana | 35,064,272 | +1% | compare → |
| #49 |  Madagascar | 32,740,678 | −5% | compare → |
| #50 |  Ivory Coast | 32,711,547 | −5% | compare → |
Compare Peru with any country →
Same region (Latin America & Caribbean): Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, Venezuela, Chile.
Explore around Peru
Land neighbours (5)
Brazil 212,812,405 · 6.2× the population · compare
Colombia 53,425,635 · 1.5× the population · compare
Chile 19,859,921 · 1.7× smaller · compare
Ecuador 18,289,896 · 1.9× smaller · compare
Bolivia 12,581,843 · 2.7× smaller · compare
Peru's 5 neighbours together hold 316,969,700 people — 9.2× Peru's population. The most populous is Brazil (212,812,405).
In its region
Peru is the 5th most populous of the 42 economies in Latin America & Caribbean, holding 5.2% of the region's 666,592,570 people.
Rankings
Largest countries, fastest-growing, oldest populations, densest — all rankings.
Cities
Lima, Callao, Arequipa, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Cusco, Piura, Huancayo — all Peru's cities on the map.
World population history · The world when you were born · Peru when you were born · Time machine · Embed this live counter on your site
About these numbers
Population, growth, birth and death rates, migration, density, age structure, life expectancy, fertility and GDP per capita come from the World Bank Indicators API (latest available year shown beside each figure). The live counter applies the annual growth rate continuously from 1 July 2025 — a model, not a measurement. City populations are the latest census or official estimate held by GeoNames and are not projected. Sub-city units are folded into their parent city.
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Read this country carefully
This page is a structured reference entry. Its sources, geographic definition and reference dates determine what the figures mean; it is not independent reporting about the causes of change. Read the accompanying explanation before comparing different places or vintages.